Lesson 213
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Lesson 213 - Mask Toggle

Emoji
Word Past Past Participle Third Person Singular Gerund Meaning Example Sentence Example Expression Example Expression Meaning Synonyms Antonyms Collocations
#6360
🏛️
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patrician
/pəˈtrɪʃən/
noun, adjective
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A person of noble rank or high social standing; relating to aristocracy.
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The patrician families of Rome wielded great power in politics.

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aristocrat, noble, elite, highborn, lord
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commoner, plebeian, peasant
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patrician family, patrician class, patrician background, Roman patrician
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#6361
💰
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payee
/peɪˈiː/
noun
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A person to whom money is paid or is to be paid.
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The payee must sign the check before cashing it.

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recipient, beneficiary, receiver, claimant
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payer, debtor
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payee account, payee details, check payee
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#6362
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pavilion
/pəˈvɪliən/
noun
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A large tent or temporary building, often used for events or exhibitions.
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The wedding reception was held in a decorated pavilion.

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marquee, tent, hall, shelter
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open space, outdoors
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sports pavilion, exhibition pavilion, wedding pavilion
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#6363
🥀
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pauperism
/ˈpɔːpərɪzəm/
noun
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The state of being extremely poor.
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The country struggled with rising pauperism in the 19th century.

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poverty, destitution, deprivation, penury
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wealth, prosperity, affluence
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extreme pauperism, rising pauperism, fight pauperism
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#6364
🧑‍🦲
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pauper
/ˈpɔːpər/
noun
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A very poor person.
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The pauper begged for food on the street corner.

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from prince to pauper

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A fall from wealth to poverty.
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beggar, destitute, indigent, needy
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rich, wealthy, affluent
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pauper's grave, poor pauper, pauper class
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#6365
👨‍🦲
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paunchy
/ˈpɔːntʃi/
adjective
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Having a large or protruding belly.
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The paunchy man struggled to button his shirt.

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potbellied, corpulent, chubby, obese
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slim, lean, fit
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paunchy figure, paunchy man, paunchy look
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#6366
⚠️
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paucity
/ˈpɔːsɪti/
noun
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the presence of something in only small or insufficient quantities
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The project was delayed due to a paucity of funds.

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scarcity, shortage, lack, dearth, insufficiency
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abundance, plenty, surplus
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paucity of evidence, paucity of resources, paucity of funds, general paucity
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#6367
🌧️
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patter
/ˈpætər/
verb
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pattered
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pattered
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patters
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pattering
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to make a repeated light tapping sound; to talk quickly in a rehearsed or mechanical way
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Rain pattered softly on the window.

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patter of little feet

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the sound of small children walking or running around
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tap, drum, beat, chatter, babble
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silence, quiet
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rain patter, patter of rain, patter of feet, patter speech
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#6368
👨‍👦
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patronymic
/ˌpætrəˈnɪmɪk/
noun
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a name derived from the name of a father or ancestor
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In many cultures, surnames are patronymic in origin.

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surname, family name, lineage name, ancestral name
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given name, forename
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patronymic tradition, patronymic system, patronymic naming, patronymic form
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#6369
😏
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patronizing
/ˈpeɪtrənaɪzɪŋ/
adjective
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showing kindness that is perceived as condescending or superior
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His patronizing tone offended the audience.

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condescending, superior, snobbish, disdainful
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respectful, humble, modest
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patronizing smile, patronizing tone, patronizing manner, sound patronizing
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#6370
🛍️
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patronize
/ˈpeɪtrənaɪz/
verb
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patronized
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patronized
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patronizes
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patronizing
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to support or sponsor; to treat someone with apparent kindness that betrays a sense of superiority; to be a regular customer of a business
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She promised to patronize local businesses during the holiday season.

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patronize someone

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to speak or behave towards someone in a way that seems friendly but shows a feeling of superiority
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support, sponsor, condescend, frequent, promote
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neglect, boycott, ignore
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patronize local shops, patronize the arts, patronize customers, patronize someone
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#6371
❤️🇧🇩
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patriotism
/ˈpeɪtriətɪzəm/
noun
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Love for and devotion to one's country.
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His patriotism was evident when he volunteered for military service.

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wave of patriotism

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a strong feeling of love and pride for one's country that spreads among people
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nationalism, loyalty, devotion, allegiance
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treason, betrayal
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strong patriotism, true patriotism, patriotism and sacrifice, spirit of patriotism
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#6372
🇺🇸
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patriot
/ˈpeɪtriət/
noun
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A person who loves and strongly supports their country.
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The patriot stood proudly under the national flag.

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true patriot

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a person who genuinely loves and serves their country
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nationalist, loyalist, supporter, defender
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traitor, betrayer
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true patriot, patriotic act, patriot leader, patriot movement
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#6373
🏰
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patrimony
/ˈpætrɪˌmoʊni/
noun
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Property or inheritance passed down from one's father or ancestors.
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The castle was part of his patrimony from his noble ancestors.

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inheritance, heritage, legacy, estate
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loss, debt
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family patrimony, cultural patrimony, protect patrimony, ancestral patrimony
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#6374
🗡️
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patricide
/ˈpætrɪsaɪd/
noun
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The act of killing one's own father.
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The ancient myth describes a son committing patricide to take the throne.

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father-killing, parricide, murder, killing
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filial piety, devotion
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commit patricide, case of patricide, accused of patricide
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#6375
📋
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paste
/peɪst/
verb, noun
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pasted
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pasted
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pastes
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pasting
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to stick or attach something using a soft, moist substance; also a thick, soft, moist substance itself
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She pasted the picture into her notebook.

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copy and paste

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to duplicate text or images from one place and put them in another using software commands
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stick, glue, affix, attach, insert
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detach, remove, separate
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paste into, paste on, copy and paste, paste image
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#6376
👴
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patriarch
/ˈpeɪtriɑːrk/
noun
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a male head of a family or tribe; an older respected man who leads a group
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As the family patriarch, he mediated disputes and kept long traditions alive.

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the patriarch of

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the male leader or founding figure of a group or family
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paterfamilias, elder, forefather, chieftain, father figure
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matriarch, subordinate, junior
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family patriarch, clan patriarch, church patriarch, patriarch of the family, patriarchal authority
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#6377
🗣️
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patois
/ˈpætwɑː/
noun
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a regional or social dialect, especially one considered nonstandard or informal
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The guide slipped into local patois when chatting with the fishermen.

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dialect, vernacular, argot, creole, jargon
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standard language, formal speech, lingua franca
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local patois, rural patois, speak in patois, Caribbean patois, native patois
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#6378
🗿
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patina
/pəˈtiːnə/
noun
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a surface film or sheen on metal, stone, or wood due to age or use; also, a superficial appearance
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The bronze statue developed a green patina after years in the sea air.

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a patina of respectability

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an outward look of being proper that may hide something less respectable
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sheen, film, tarnish, gloss, verdigris
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brightness, rawness, freshness
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green patina, develop a patina, patina of age, patina of respectability, bronze patina
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#6379
🥺
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pathos
/ˈpeɪθɒs/
noun
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a quality in speech, writing, or events that evokes pity or deep emotion
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The documentary balanced pathos with hope, making the audience both weep and think.

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a touch of pathos

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a small but noticeable amount of emotional appeal or sadness
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poignancy, sentiment, emotion, sorrow, poignance
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apathy, indifference, detachment
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pathos and humor, a touch of pathos, genuine pathos, evoke pathos, dramatic pathos
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#6380
🧫
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pathology
/pəˈθɒlədʒi/
noun
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the scientific study of diseases, their causes, processes, and effects on the body
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Advances in pathology helped the doctors identify the rare infection quickly.

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pathobiology, morbid anatomy, etiology, pathogenesis, disease science
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health, physiology, hygiene
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clinical pathology, forensic pathology, pathology report, pathology lab, study of pathology
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#6381
🧠
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pathological
/ˌpæθəˈlɑːdʒɪkəl/
adjective
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Relating to disease; extreme or obsessive in a way that is abnormal.
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He has a pathological fear of failure.

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pathological liar

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A person who lies compulsively and uncontrollably.
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abnormal, diseased, compulsive, obsessive
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normal, healthy
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pathological fear, pathological condition, pathological liar
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#6382
🦠
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pathogenic
/ˌpæθəˈdʒɛnɪk/
adjective
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Capable of causing disease.
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Some bacteria are harmless, while others are highly pathogenic.

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disease-causing, harmful, infectious, virulent
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harmless, benign
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pathogenic bacteria, pathogenic virus, pathogenic organism
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#6383
😢
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pathetic
/pəˈθɛtɪk/
adjective
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Causing feelings of pity, sadness, or sometimes contempt.
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The team’s performance in the match was simply pathetic.

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pathetic excuse

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A very weak or unconvincing explanation.
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pitiful, miserable, wretched, deplorable, lamentable
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impressive, admirable
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pathetic attempt, pathetic excuse, pathetic condition, pathetic performance
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#6384
👶
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paternity
/pəˈtɜːrnəti/
noun
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The state of being someone's father.
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He demanded a paternity test to confirm his relationship with the child.

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paternity leave

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Time off from work granted to a father after the birth of his child.
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fatherhood, parenthood, progenitorship
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maternity, orphanhood
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paternity test, paternity leave, claim paternity, establish paternity
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#6385
👨‍👦
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paternal
/pəˈtɜːrnəl/
adjective
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Relating to or characteristic of a father.
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He took a paternal interest in the boy’s education.

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paternal instinct

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The natural protective and caring behavior of a father.
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fatherly, protective, caring, nurturing, benevolent
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maternal, neglectful
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paternal care, paternal rights, paternal love, paternal influence
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#6386
📜
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patent
/ˈpeɪtənt/ or /ˈpætənt/
noun, verb, adjective
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patented
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patented
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patents
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patenting
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a government license granting exclusive rights to an inventor; also to obtain such rights
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He patented his new invention to protect it from being copied.

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patent pending

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a phrase indicating that a patent application has been filed but not yet granted
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copyright, license, privilege, protection
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infringement, imitation
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patent law, file a patent, patent rights, patent office
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#6387
🥐
••••••
pastry
/ˈpeɪstri/
noun
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a baked food product made from flour, fat, and water, often sweet or savory
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I bought a box of fresh pastries for breakfast.

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cake, tart, pie, croissant
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meat, vegetable
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pastry shop, pastry chef, sweet pastry, puff pastry
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#6388
🌾
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pastoral
/ˈpæstərəl/
adjective, noun
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relating to the countryside, shepherds, or rural life; also relating to spiritual guidance by a pastor
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The painting had a calm pastoral scene with sheep grazing.

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pastoral care

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spiritual and emotional support provided by religious leaders
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rural, rustic, bucolic, idyllic
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urban, industrial
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pastoral scene, pastoral life, pastoral care, pastoral poetry
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#6389
🎭
••••••
pastiche
/pæˈstiːʃ/
noun
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- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
a work of art, literature, or music that imitates the style of another artist, period, or genre
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The film was a clever pastiche of 1950s detective movies.

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imitation, parody, spoof, homage
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original, authentic
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musical pastiche, literary pastiche, create a pastiche, pastiche style
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