Lesson 248
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Lesson 248 - Mask Toggle

Emoji
Word Past Past Participle Third Person Singular Gerund Meaning Example Sentence Example Expression Example Expression Meaning Synonyms Antonyms Collocations
#7410
🔦
••••••
reflector
/rɪˈflɛktər/
noun
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
A surface or device that reflects light, heat, or sound, often used to direct beams or improve visibility.
••••••

The cyclist attached a red reflector to the back of his bike for safety.

••••••
- •••••• - ••••••
mirror, reflector panel, prism, deflector
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absorber, nonreflective surface
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bike reflector, light reflector, safety reflector, solar reflector
••••••
#7411
♻️
••••••
refuse
/rɪˈfjuːz/ (verb), /ˈrɛfjuːs/ (noun)
verb, noun
••••••
refused
••••••
refused
••••••
refuses
••••••
refusing
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As a verb: to say no to something offered or requested; as a noun: waste material; rubbish.
••••••

He refused to answer the question, and the street was full of refuse.

••••••

refuse to budge

••••••
to not change one’s opinion or position
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decline, reject, deny, rubbish, garbage
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accept, approve, agree
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refuse offer, refuse entry, refuse treatment, household refuse
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#7412
🚫
••••••
refusal
/rɪˈfjuːzəl/
noun
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
An act of saying or showing that one will not do or accept something.
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Her refusal to cooperate delayed the project.

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point-blank refusal

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a direct and absolute rejection
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denial, rejection, declination, noncompliance
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acceptance, agreement
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strong refusal, outright refusal, firm refusal
••••••
#7413
🛠️
••••••
refurbish
/riːˈfɜːrbɪʃ/
verb
••••••
refurbished
••••••
refurbished
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refurbishes
••••••
refurbishing
••••••
To renovate or redecorate something, especially a building.
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The company decided to refurbish its old office.

••••••
- •••••• - ••••••
renovate, renew, restore, redecorate, revamp
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damage, destroy, ruin
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refurbish office, refurbish building, refurbish furniture
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#7414
☀️
••••••
refulgent
/rɪˈfʌldʒənt/
adjective
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
Shining brightly; radiant.
••••••

The refulgent sun lit up the entire valley.

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- •••••• - ••••••
radiant, dazzling, brilliant, glowing, luminous
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dim, dull, dark
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refulgent sun, refulgent smile, refulgent light
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#7415
🌈
••••••
refringent
/rɪˈfrɪndʒənt/
adjective
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
Capable of refracting light or other waves.
••••••

The refringent properties of the crystal bent the light into a spectrum.

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- •••••• - ••••••
refractive, bending, deflecting, dispersive
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transparent, opaque
••••••
refringent medium, refringent surface, refringent property
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#7416
🔬
••••••
refringency
/rɪˈfrɪndʒənsi/
noun
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
The ability of a substance to bend light; refractive power.
••••••

Glass has a higher refringency than water.

••••••
- •••••• - ••••••
refractive power, refraction index, optical property
••••••
transparency, clarity
••••••
high refringency, refringency of glass, refringency measurement
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#7417
🚫
••••••
refrain
/rɪˈfreɪn/
verb
••••••
refrained
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refrained
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refrains
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refraining
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To hold oneself back from doing something.
••••••

Please refrain from smoking in this area.

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refrain from

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To avoid or abstain from doing something
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abstain, avoid, desist, hold back, restrain
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indulge, participate, continue
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refrain from doing, refrain from smoking, refrain from commenting
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#7418
⚖️
••••••
refragable
/rɪˈfræɡəbəl/
adjective
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- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
Capable of being refuted or disproved.
••••••

His argument was weak and easily refragable.

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- •••••• - ••••••
refutable, disprovable, questionable, contestable
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irrefutable, undeniable, unquestionable
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refragable claim, refragable argument, refragable opinion
••••••
#7419
🙅
••••••
refractory
/rɪˈfræktəri/
adjective
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
Stubborn or resistant to control, authority, or treatment.
••••••

The refractory child refused to follow the teacher's instructions.

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- •••••• - ••••••
stubborn, obstinate, unmanageable, disobedient, resistant
••••••
obedient, compliant, submissive
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refractory child, refractory case, refractory material, refractory period
••••••
#7420
🌊
••••••
refraction
/rɪˈfrækʃən/
noun
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
The bending of light, sound, or other waves when they pass from one medium to another of different density.
••••••

The refraction of light in water makes objects appear bent.

••••••
- •••••• - ••••••
bending, deflection, distortion, deviation, inflection
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straightness, alignment, directness
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refraction of light, refraction index, refraction angle, atmospheric refraction
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#7421
🌈
••••••
refract
/rɪˈfrækt/
verb
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refracted
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refracted
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refracts
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refracting
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To bend light, sound, or heat as it passes through a medium.
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The water refracts light, making the straw look bent.

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- •••••• - ••••••
bend, deflect, distort, redirect
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straighten, align
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refract light, refract sound, refract beam
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#7422
••••••
reformer
/rɪˈfɔːrmər/
noun
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- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
A person who works to improve laws, institutions, or social practices.
••••••

Martin Luther King Jr. was a great social reformer.

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- •••••• - ••••••
activist, campaigner, innovator, visionary
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oppressor, reactionary
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social reformer, political reformer, religious reformer
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#7423
♻️
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reform
/rɪˈfɔːrm/
verb
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reformed
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reformed
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reforms
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reforming
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To make changes to improve something, usually a system, law, or practice.
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The government plans to reform the healthcare system.

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reform school

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An institution for young offenders to correct behavior
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improve, amend, reorganize, change, transform
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corrupt, worsen, damage
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reform system, reform policy, reform movement, social reform
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#7424
🪞
••••••
reflexible
/rɪˈflɛksəbl/
adjective
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- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
Capable of being reflected or bent back.
••••••

The surface was highly reflexible, bouncing light in different directions.

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- •••••• - ••••••
reflective, bendable, pliable, flexible
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rigid, fixed
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reflexible surface, reflexible material
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#7425
🤢
••••••
reek
/riːk/
verb
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reeked
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reeked
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reeks
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reeking
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to smell strongly and unpleasantly; to give off a bad odor
••••••

The garbage bin reeked after being left in the sun.

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reek of something

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to strongly suggest or give the impression of something unpleasant
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stink, smell, exude, emit, ooze
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fragrance, perfume
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reek of alcohol, reek of smoke, reek of corruption, reek badly
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#7426
🔮
••••••
reflection
/rɪˈflɛkʃən/
noun
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
the image of something in a mirror or water, or serious thought about something
••••••

She saw her reflection in the glass window.

••••••

a moment of reflection

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a short time spent thinking deeply
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image, likeness, contemplation, thought, consideration
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reality, neglect, disregard
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reflection in the mirror, reflection of light, reflection on life
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#7427
💡
••••••
reflectible
/rɪˈflɛktɪbəl/
adjective
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- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
capable of being reflected, as light or an image
••••••

The surface of the lake is highly reflectible in the morning sun.

••••••
- •••••• - ••••••
shiny, glossy, polished, mirroring
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dull, matte, opaque
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reflectible surface, reflectible quality, reflectible light
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#7428
🪞
••••••
reflect
/rɪˈflɛkt/
verb
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reflected
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reflected
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reflects
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reflecting
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to show an image as in a mirror, or to think deeply about something
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The mirror reflects her smiling face.

••••••

reflect on

••••••
to think carefully about something
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mirror, show, indicate, reveal, ponder
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ignore, conceal, absorb
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reflect light, reflect image, reflect reality, reflect values
••••••
#7429
🏭
••••••
refinery
/rɪˈfaɪnəri/
noun
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
an industrial facility where raw materials are processed and purified
••••••

The oil refinery processes thousands of barrels daily.

••••••
- •••••• - ••••••
plant, mill, factory, works
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mine, quarry
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oil refinery, sugar refinery, large refinery, modern refinery
••••••
#7430
••••••
refine
/rɪˈfaɪn/
verb
••••••
refined
••••••
refined
••••••
refines
••••••
refining
••••••
to improve something by making small changes or removing impurities
••••••

The company is working to refine its production process.

••••••

refine your skills

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to improve your abilities through practice and learning
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improve, polish, perfect, purify, enhance
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spoil, worsen, corrupt
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refine skills, refine process, refine technique, refine design
••••••
#7431
🔗
••••••
referrer
/rɪˈfɜːrər/
noun
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
a person who directs someone to another person or service
••••••

The referrer earned a bonus for recommending a new client.

••••••
- •••••• - ••••••
recommender, advocate, introducer, mediator
••••••
recipient, seeker
••••••
referrer bonus, referrer link, referrer system
••••••
#7432
🗳️
••••••
referendum
/ˌrɛfəˈrɛndəm/
noun
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
a general vote by the population on a single political issue
••••••

The government held a referendum on the new constitution.

••••••
- •••••• - ••••••
plebiscite, ballot, vote, poll
••••••
dictate, decree
••••••
national referendum, hold a referendum, referendum result
••••••
#7433
••••••
referee
/ˌrɛfəˈriː/
noun
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
a person who oversees a game or match to ensure the rules are followed
••••••

The referee stopped the game after a foul.

••••••

blow the whistle

••••••
to stop play or call out a foul in sports
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umpire, judge, arbiter, mediator
••••••
player, participant
••••••
football referee, official referee, match referee
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#7434
📎
••••••
referable
/rɪˈfɛrəbəl/
adjective
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
able to be related or directed to something
••••••

The issue is referable to the new policy changes.

••••••
- •••••• - ••••••
attributable, assignable, applicable, relevant
••••••
irrelevant, unrelated
••••••
referable case, referable cause, referable issue
••••••
#7435
📑
••••••
refer
/rɪˈfɜːr/
verb
••••••
referred
••••••
referred
••••••
refers
••••••
referring
••••••
to direct someone to another source of help, information, or decision
••••••

The doctor will refer you to a specialist.

••••••

refer to

••••••
to mention or speak about something
••••••
direct, mention, cite, allude, recommend
••••••
ignore, neglect
••••••
refer to a doctor, refer back, refer someone, refer directly
••••••
#7436
🏫
••••••
refectory
/rɪˈfɛktəri/
noun
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
a dining hall, especially in a monastery, convent, or school
••••••

Students had lunch in the refectory.

••••••
- •••••• - ••••••
dining hall, cafeteria, canteen, mess hall
••••••
kitchen, bedroom
••••••
school refectory, monastery refectory, large refectory
••••••
#7437
🍽️
••••••
refection
/rɪˈfɛkʃən/
noun
••••••
- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
a meal or the act of taking food and drink
••••••

The monks gathered for their evening refection.

••••••
- •••••• - ••••••
meal, repast, refreshment, feast
••••••
fast, starvation
••••••
simple refection, evening refection, monastic refection
••••••
#7438
🔄
••••••
reestablish
/ˌriː.ɪˈstæblɪʃ/
verb
••••••
reestablished
••••••
reestablished
••••••
reestablishes
••••••
reestablishing
••••••
to set up or restore something again after it has been disrupted
••••••

The government worked hard to reestablish peace in the region.

••••••
- •••••• - ••••••
restore, rebuild, reinstate, revive, renew
••••••
destroy, abolish
••••••
reestablish peace, reestablish contact, reestablish control, reestablish authority
••••••
#7439
🎣
••••••
reel
/riːl/
verb
••••••
reeled
••••••
reeled
••••••
reels
••••••
reeling
••••••
to lose balance and stagger; to wind or spin something onto a reel
••••••

He reeled backward after being punched.

••••••

reel from something

••••••
to be shocked or affected strongly by something
••••••
stagger, stumble, spin, sway, falter
••••••
stabilize, balance
••••••
reel of film, reel from shock, reel in, fishing reel
••••••