Lesson 44
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Lesson 44 - Mask Toggle

Emoji
Word Past Past Participle Third Person Singular Gerund Meaning Example Sentence Example Expression Example Expression Meaning Synonyms Antonyms Collocations
#1291
🪢
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cat-o-nine-tails
/ˌkæt ə ˈnaɪn ˌteɪlz/
noun
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A whip with nine knotted cords, historically used for punishment.
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The sailor feared the cat-o-nine-tails more than the storm at sea.

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whip, lash, scourge, flogger, strap
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reward, mercy, pardon
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wield the cat-o-nine-tails, sentenced to the cat-o-nine-tails, fear the cat-o-nine-tails
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#1292
🔋
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cathode
/ˈkæθoʊd/
noun
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The negative electrode in a device such as a battery or tube, where electrons enter.
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The cathode emits electrons in the tube.

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negative terminal, electrode
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anode
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cathode ray, cathode tube, cathode material
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#1293
💧
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cathartic
/kəˈθɑːrtɪk/
adjective
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Providing psychological relief through open expression of emotions; also refers to a medicine that causes cleansing of the bowels.
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Crying can be a cathartic experience.

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purging, cleansing, releasing, therapeutic
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suppressive, repressive
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cathartic effect, cathartic experience, cathartic release
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#1294
🌊
••••••
catharsis
/kəˈθɑːrsɪs/
noun
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The process of releasing strong emotions, providing relief.
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Writing in her diary was a form of catharsis for her.

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release, relief, cleansing, purging, venting
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suppression, repression
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emotional catharsis, catharsis through art, cathartic release
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#1295
🍽️
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cater
/ˈkeɪtər/
verb
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catered
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catered
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caters
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catering
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To provide food, drinks, or services, usually for an event or group.
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The company catered the wedding reception.

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cater to

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To provide what is wanted or needed by someone, often excessively.
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provide, supply, serve, furnish, deliver
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neglect, ignore
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cater for, cater to needs, catering services, cater events
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#1296
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categorical
/ˌkætəˈɡɒrɪkəl/
adjective
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Absolute and without exception; expressed clearly and directly.
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She gave a categorical denial of the allegations.

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categorical imperative

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A moral rule that is absolute and must be followed in all circumstances.
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absolute, definite, explicit, unconditional, clear
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ambiguous, uncertain, conditional
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categorical denial, categorical statement, categorical imperative, categorical assurance
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#1297
📖
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catechism
/ˈkætɪˌkɪzəm/
noun
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A summary of religious principles often in the form of questions and answers; also a set of fixed questions or beliefs.
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The priest taught the children the catechism every Sunday.

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doctrine, teaching, creed, dogma
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heresy, disbelief
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Catholic catechism, teach catechism, study catechism, catechism class
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#1298
📣
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catcall
/ˈkætˌkɔːl/
noun/verb
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catcalled
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catcalled
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catcalls
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catcalling
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A loud whistle or shout of disapproval or sexual harassment directed at someone.
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The actress ignored the catcalls from the crowd.

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whistle, jeer, taunt, boo
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applause, cheer
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loud catcall, rude catcall, ignore catcalls, shout catcall
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#1299
🌋
••••••
catastrophe
/kəˈtæstrəfi/
noun
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A sudden and widespread disaster or misfortune.
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The earthquake was a catastrophe for the entire region.

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financial catastrophe

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A complete financial disaster.
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disaster, calamity, tragedy, misfortune, ruin
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success, fortune, prosperity
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natural catastrophe, economic catastrophe, political catastrophe, human catastrophe
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#1300
💧
••••••
cataract
/ˈkætərækt/
noun
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A medical condition causing clouding of the eye's lens; also a large waterfall.
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The old man suffered from cataracts in both eyes.

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waterfall, cascade, blindness, opacity
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clarity, vision
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cataract surgery, cataract removal, dense cataract, cataract blindness
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#1301
🚀
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catapult
/ˈkætəpʌlt/
noun/verb
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catapulted
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catapulted
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catapults
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catapulting
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A device for launching objects at high speed; to hurl or launch something suddenly.
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The invention catapulted him to international fame.

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catapult to success

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To rise to success very quickly and suddenly.
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launch, propel, hurl, fling, throw
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hold, retain, keep
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catapult into, catapult across, catapult to fame, catapult forward
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#1302
🔥
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catalyze
/ˈkætəˌlaɪz/
verb
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catalyzed
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catalyzed
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catalyzes
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catalyzing
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To cause or accelerate a reaction or change.
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The new law catalyzed reforms across the sector.

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trigger, activate, accelerate, initiate, stimulate
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delay, hinder, obstruct
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catalyze change, catalyze reaction, catalyze development, catalyze innovation
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#1303
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catalyst
/ˈkætəlɪst/
noun
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Something that speeds up or causes an event or change without being changed itself.
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The speech was the catalyst for widespread protests.

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stimulus, trigger, spark, impetus, accelerator
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hindrance, obstacle, deterrent
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catalyst for change, catalyst in reaction, act as a catalyst, important catalyst
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#1304
💥
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cataclysmic
/ˌkætəˈklɪzmɪk/
adjective
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Relating to or denoting a violent natural event or upheaval.
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The war had cataclysmic effects on the nation's economy.

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disastrous, catastrophic, destructive, ruinous, apocalyptic
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fortunate, beneficial, constructive
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cataclysmic change, cataclysmic event, cataclysmic destruction, cataclysmic impact
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#1305
🌋
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cataclysm
/ˈkætəˌklɪzəm/
noun
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A sudden and violent event that causes great destruction or upheaval.
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The earthquake was a cataclysm that reshaped the city.

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disaster, catastrophe, upheaval, calamity, devastation
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blessing, fortune, miracle
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natural cataclysm, political cataclysm, global cataclysm, sudden cataclysm
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#1306
🦴
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cartilage
/ˈkɑːrtɪlɪdʒ/
noun
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A firm, flexible connective tissue found in various parts of the body such as joints, ear, and nose.
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The doctor explained that the injury damaged the cartilage in his knee.

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gristle, tissue, joint padding, connective tissue
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bone, muscle
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knee cartilage, ear cartilage, cartilage damage, cartilage tissue
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#1307
🌀
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casuistry
/ˈkæʒuɪstri/
noun
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The use of clever but false reasoning, especially in relation to moral questions.
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The lawyer’s argument was dismissed as mere casuistry.

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sophistry, fallacy, deception, trickery, quibbling
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truth, honesty, sincerity
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moral casuistry, political casuistry, legal casuistry
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#1308
🚑
••••••
casualty
/ˈkæʒuəlti/
noun
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A person injured or killed in an accident or war.
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The accident resulted in several casualties.

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victim, fatality, sufferer, injured
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survivor, safe person
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civilian casualties, war casualties, accident casualties
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#1309
👕
••••••
casual
/ˈkæʒuəl/
adjective
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Relaxed and informal in style, manner, or appearance.
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He wore casual clothes to the informal gathering.

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casual acquaintance

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A person you know but not very well.
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informal, relaxed, easygoing, nonchalant, laid-back
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formal, serious, strict
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casual clothes, casual meeting, casual conversation, casual approach
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#1310
✂️
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castrate
/ˈkæstreɪt/
verb
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castrated
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castrated
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castrates
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castrating
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To remove the testicles of a male animal or human.
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The farmer castrated the young bulls to make them easier to manage.

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neuter, geld, emasculate, sterilize
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fertilize, empower
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castrate animals, castrate bulls, castrate male cats
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#1311
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castigation
/ˌkæstɪˈɡeɪʃən/
noun
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Severe criticism or punishment for wrongdoing.
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The manager’s harsh castigation shocked the entire team.

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rebuke, reprimand, scolding, chastisement, condemnation
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praise, approval, commendation
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severe castigation, public castigation, castigation of behavior
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#1312
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castigate
/ˈkæstɪˌɡeɪt/
verb
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castigated
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castigated
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castigates
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castigating
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To criticize someone severely or to punish harshly.
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The teacher castigated the students for their poor behavior.

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criticize, rebuke, reprimand, scold, punish
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praise, commend, reward
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castigate severely, castigate publicly, castigate harshly
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#1313
🧑‍🤝‍🧑
••••••
caste
/kæst/
noun
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A social class system often based on hereditary or occupation.
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The caste system influenced many aspects of traditional society.

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caste system

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A rigid social structure dividing people into groups based on birth or occupation.
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class, rank, order, hierarchy, stratum
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equality, uniformity, parity
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caste system, lower caste, upper caste, caste discrimination
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#1314
🎭
••••••
cast
/kæst/
verb/noun
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cast
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cast
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casts
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casting
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To throw something forcefully; the actors in a play or movie.
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He cast the fishing line into the river.

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cast a spell

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To use magic to influence someone or something.
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throw, hurl, fling, assign, shape
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catch, hold, retain
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cast a vote, cast doubt, cast light, movie cast
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#1315
🌊
••••••
cascade
/kæˈskeɪd/
noun/verb
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cascaded
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cascaded
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cascades
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cascading
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A small waterfall or a process that occurs in stages, one after another.
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Water cascaded down the rocky slope.

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cascade effect

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A series of events, each triggered by the previous one.
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waterfall, flow, rush, series, sequence
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halt, stop, standstill
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cascade of water, cascade of events, cascade of failures
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#1316
🏛️
••••••
caryatid
/ˌkɛəriˈætɪd/
noun
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A stone carving of a draped female figure, used as a supporting column in architecture.
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The ancient temple featured a caryatid holding up the roof.

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pillar, column, support, statue, sculpture
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beam, wall, pier
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ancient caryatid, marble caryatid, temple caryatid
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#1317
🔪
••••••
carve
/kɑːrv/
verb
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carved
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carved
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carves
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carving
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To cut or shape something, especially wood or stone, into a desired form.
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The artist carved a beautiful statue out of marble.

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carve out a niche

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to create a special and secure position for oneself in a particular area
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engrave, sculpt, chisel, etch, shape
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destroy, demolish, flatten
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carve wood, carve stone, carve a statue, carve out
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#1318
📦
••••••
cartridge
/ˈkɑːrtrɪdʒ/
noun
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A container holding a substance or device, such as ink for printers or bullets for firearms.
••••••

The printer stopped working because the ink cartridge was empty.

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casing, shell, container, capsule
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empty slot, void
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ink cartridge, printer cartridge, bullet cartridge, replace cartridge
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#1319
📍
••••••
cartography
/kɑːrˈtɒɡrəfi/
noun
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The science or practice of drawing maps.
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She studied cartography at university to learn how to design maps.

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mapmaking, geography, topography, surveying
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navigation, exploration
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modern cartography, digital cartography, history of cartography, cartography skills
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#1320
🗺️
••••••
cartographer
/kɑːrˈtɒɡrəfər/
noun
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- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
A person who makes maps.
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The cartographer carefully drew the map of the new territory.

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mapmaker, mapper, geographer, surveyor
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traveler, explorer
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professional cartographer, famous cartographer, skilled cartographer, cartographer's map
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