Lesson 11 Details
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Lesson 11 - Mask Toggle

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Word Past Past Participle Third Person Singular Gerund Meaning Example Sentence Example Expression Example Expression Meaning Synonyms Antonyms Collocations
#251
💨
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precipitate
/prɪˈsɪpɪteɪt/
verb/noun/adjective
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precipitated
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precipitated
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precipitates
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precipitating
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As a verb: to cause an event or situation, often suddenly or prematurely; as a noun: a solid formed in a chemical solution; as an adjective: done hastily.
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The government's decision to raise taxes precipitated widespread protests.

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precipitate into

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to cause something to suddenly fall into or result in a situation
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trigger, provoke, accelerate, hasten, instigate
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delay, hinder, prevent
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precipitate crisis, precipitate action, precipitate reaction
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#252
••••••
precursor
/ˈpriːˌkɜrsər/
noun
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Something or someone that comes before another and indicates the approach of something else.
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The steam engine was a precursor to modern trains.

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forerunner, predecessor, harbinger, pioneer, antecedent
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successor, follower, outcome
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precursor to, precursor of, important precursor
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#253
😏
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presumptuous
/prɪˈzʌmp.tʃu.əs/
adjective
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Overconfident, rude, or taking liberties without permission.
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It was presumptuous of him to make that decision without consulting others.

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arrogant, bold, forward, overconfident
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humble, modest
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presumptuous attitude, presumptuous behavior, presumptuous request
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#254
🤥
••••••
prevaricate
/prɪˈværɪkeɪt/
verb
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prevaricated
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prevaricated
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prevaricates
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prevaricating
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to avoid telling the truth by not giving a direct answer
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The politician began to prevaricate when asked about the scandal.

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beat around the bush

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to avoid talking about something directly
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equivocate, evade, mislead, hedge, waffle
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confront, clarify, admit
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tend to prevaricate, prevaricate deliberately, prevaricate under pressure
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#255
🌿
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pristine
/ˈprɪstiːn/
adjective
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In its original condition; unspoiled, clean, and fresh.
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The hikers were amazed by the pristine beauty of the untouched forest.

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pristine condition

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Something that is perfectly clean, undamaged, or in its original state.
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immaculate, unspoiled, untouched, pure, fresh
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dirty, polluted, spoiled
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pristine condition, pristine environment, pristine nature, pristine forest
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#256
⚖️
••••••
probity
/ˈproʊbɪti/
noun
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- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
The quality of having strong moral principles; honesty and decency.
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The judge was admired for his integrity and probity.

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integrity, honesty, uprightness, morality, rectitude
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dishonesty, corruption, immorality
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probity in public life, professional probity, integrity and probity, probity standards
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#257
⚠️
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Problematic
/ˌprɒb.ləˈmæt.ɪk/
adjective
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causing problems; troublesome; difficult to deal with
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The new policy changes are problematic and need to be reviewed.

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troublesome, difficult, challenging, questionable
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unproblematic, easy, simple, straightforward
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problematic situation, problematic behavior, highly problematic, potentially problematic
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#258
💸
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prodigal
/ˈprɒdɪɡəl/
adjective
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spending money or resources freely and recklessly; wastefully extravagant
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The prodigal son returned home after wasting his inheritance.

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prodigal son

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a person who leaves home and behaves recklessly but later returns, repentant
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wasteful, extravagant, lavish, reckless
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frugal, thrifty, economical
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prodigal spending, prodigal lifestyle, prodigal son
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#259
🧠
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profound
/prəˈfaʊnd/
adjective
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very great or intense; showing deep insight or understanding
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Her speech had a profound impact on the audience.

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deep, intense, thoughtful, insightful, weighty
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shallow, trivial, superficial
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profound impact, profound effect, profound change, profound insight, profound silence
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#260
💸
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prohibitive
/prəˈhɪbɪtɪv/
adjective
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Too high or expensive to be affordable; serving to prevent or discourage action.
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The cost of the medication is prohibitive for many families.

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excessive, exorbitant, restrictive, expensive
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affordable, reasonable, cheap
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prohibitive cost, prohibitive price, prohibitive expense
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#261
🌱
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proliferate
/prəˈlɪfəreɪt/
verb
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proliferated
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proliferated
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proliferates
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proliferating
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To increase rapidly in number or spread quickly.
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Social media has allowed misinformation to proliferate.

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multiply, expand, grow, spread, escalate
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decline, diminish, shrink
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proliferate rapidly, ideas proliferate, cells proliferate
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#262
🎯
••••••
propensity
/prəˈpɛnsəti/
noun
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a natural tendency or inclination to behave in a particular way
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She has a propensity to trust people too easily.

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inclination, tendency, predisposition, leaning, proclivity
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aversion, dislike, disinclination
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propensity for, propensity to, natural propensity, strong propensity
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#263
🎁
••••••
propitiate
/prəˈpɪʃieɪt/
verb
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propitiated
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propitiated
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propitiates
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propitiating
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to win or regain the favor of someone by doing something that pleases them
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He offered gifts to propitiate the angry gods.

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appease, placate, conciliate, mollify, pacify
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anger, provoke, enrage
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propitiate the gods, propitiate the spirits, propitiate someone
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#264
🤵
••••••
propriety
/prəˈpraɪəti/
noun
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Conformity to accepted standards of behavior or morality.
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He always behaved with the utmost propriety in public.

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sense of propriety

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Awareness of what is socially acceptable and proper.
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decorum, correctness, civility, respectability, modesty
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impropriety, indecency, rudeness
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sense of propriety, maintain propriety, show propriety, question of propriety
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#265
🚫
••••••
proscribe
/proʊˈskraɪb/
verb
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proscribed
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proscribed
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proscribes
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proscribing
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to forbid something by law or authority
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The new law will proscribe the use of harmful chemicals in farming.

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forbid, prohibit, ban, outlaw, restrict
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allow, permit, authorize
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proscribe activity, proscribe practice, law proscribes, proscribe behavior
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#266
👃
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pungent
/ˈpʌndʒənt/
adjective
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Having a sharply strong taste or smell.
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The pungent aroma of spices made the dish irresistible.

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pungent wit

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A sharp and biting sense of humor.
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sharp, acrid, biting, spicy, strong
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bland, mild, weak
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pungent smell, pungent taste, pungent smoke, pungent remark
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#267
🎓
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qualified
/ˈkwɒlɪfaɪd/
adjective
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- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
officially recognized as being trained or knowledgeable for a particular job or activity
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She is a qualified doctor with years of experience.

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qualified success

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a success that is only partial or limited
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certified, competent, skilled, trained, capable
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unqualified, incompetent, incapable
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qualified teacher, qualified candidate, qualified doctor, qualified professional
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#268
🗣️
••••••
quibble
/ˈkwɪbəl/
verb/noun
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quibbled
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quibbled
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quibbles
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quibbling
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To argue or raise objections about a trivial matter; a petty objection.
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They quibbled over who should pay the bill.

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split hairs

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to argue about small or unimportant details
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argue, nitpick, cavil, bicker, dispute
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agree, accept, concede
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quibble over, minor quibble, endless quibble, quibble about details
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#269
🤫
••••••
Quiescent
/kwaɪˈesnt/
adjective
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quiet; peaceful; inactive; dormant; at rest
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The volcano has been quiescent for over a century.

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dormant, inactive, peaceful, still
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active, turbulent, agitated, restless
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quiescent state, quiescent period, quiescent volcano
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#270
🌌
••••••
rarefied
/ˈreə.rɪ.faɪd/
adjective
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Of high moral, intellectual, or cultural value; distant from ordinary life.
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He works in the rarefied world of classical music.

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exclusive, elevated, refined, exalted, sophisticated
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ordinary, common, mundane
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rarefied atmosphere, rarefied world, rarefied air
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#271
🙅
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recalcitrant
/rɪˈkælsɪtrənt/
adjective
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- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
stubbornly resistant to authority or control
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The recalcitrant student refused to follow the rules.

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defiant, disobedient, rebellious, obstinate, uncooperative
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obedient, compliant, cooperative
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recalcitrant attitude, recalcitrant behavior, recalcitrant student
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#272
🗣️
••••••
recant
/rɪˈkænt/
verb
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recanted
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recanted
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recants
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recanting
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to withdraw or renounce a statement or belief formally
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He recanted his previous statement in court.

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recant a confession

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to officially take back an earlier confession
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withdraw, renounce, retract, deny, repudiate
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assert, confirm, maintain
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recant statement, recant confession, recant belief, recant testimony
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#273
🏔️
••••••
recluse
/rɪˈkluːs/
noun
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- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
A person who lives alone and avoids other people; someone who lives a solitary life.
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The old man lived as a recluse in the mountains.

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hermit, loner, solitary, ascetic, introvert
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socialite, extrovert, companion
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live as a recluse, recluse lifestyle, virtual recluse
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#274
📚
••••••
recondite
/ˈrɛkənˌdaɪt/ or /ˈrɛkəndaɪt/
adjective
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Little known or difficult to understand.
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The professor’s lecture was full of recondite theories.

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obscure, abstruse, complex, esoteric
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simple, obvious, clear
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recondite knowledge, recondite subject, recondite theory
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#275
🙅
••••••
refractory
/rɪˈfræktəri/
adjective
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- •••••• - •••••• - •••••• - ••••••
Stubborn or resistant to control, authority, or treatment.
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The refractory child refused to follow the teacher's instructions.

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stubborn, obstinate, unmanageable, disobedient, resistant
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obedient, compliant, submissive
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refractory child, refractory case, refractory material, refractory period
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