Lesson 219 - The Ultimate Vocabulary Course for Competitive Exams: GRE, GMAT, TOEFL, IELTS & More | Learn English

Emoji	Word	Past	Past Participle	Third Person Singular	Gerund	Meaning	Example Sentence	Example Expression	Example Expression Meaning	Synonyms	Antonyms	Collocations

#6540 🧪 ••••••	pesticide /ˈpɛstɪsaɪd/ noun ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	A chemical substance used to kill pests, especially insects harmful to crops. ••••••	Farmers use pesticide to protect their crops from insects. ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	insecticide, herbicide, fungicide, poison, chemical ••••••	fertilizer, nutrient ••••••	pesticide use, pesticide residue, pesticide exposure, pesticide control ••••••
#6541 🌌 ••••••	phantasmagorical /ˌfæntæzməˈɡɒrɪkəl/ adjective ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	Having a fantastic, dreamlike, or surreal appearance, often shifting or illusory. ••••••	The movie created a phantasmagorical vision of another world. ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	fantastic, surreal, dreamlike, illusory, visionary ••••••	realistic, ordinary, mundane ••••••	phantasmagorical vision, phantasmagorical scene, phantasmagorical imagery ••••••
#6542 🛡️ ••••••	phalanx /ˈfeɪlæŋks/ noun ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	A group of people or things arranged in a compact, close formation; also an ancient Greek military formation. ••••••	A phalanx of reporters waited outside the courthouse. ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	formation, column, group, mass ••••••	scattering, dispersal ••••••	phalanx of soldiers, phalanx of reporters, tight phalanx ••••••
#6543 😤 ••••••	petulant /ˈpɛtjʊlənt/ adjective ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	Childishly sulky or bad-tempered. ••••••	The child became petulant when denied more candy. ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	irritable, cranky, sulky, moody ••••••	cheerful, patient, calm ••••••	petulant child, petulant response, petulant tone ••••••
#6544 😠 ••••••	petulance /ˈpɛtjʊləns/ noun ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	The quality of being childishly sulky or bad-tempered. ••••••	His petulance during the meeting annoyed everyone. ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	irritability, peevishness, bad temper, sulkiness ••••••	good humor, patience, calmness ••••••	display petulance, show petulance, petulance of youth ••••••
#6545 🪙 ••••••	petty /ˈpɛti/ adjective ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	Of little importance or trivial; also describes a person overly concerned with small or unimportant matters. ••••••	She often gets upset over the most petty things. ••••••	petty crime ••••••	A minor or insignificant crime, such as theft of small items. ••••••	trivial, insignificant, minor, small, unimportant ••••••	important, significant, major ••••••	petty crime, petty details, petty argument, petty jealousies ••••••
#6546 ⚖️ ••••••	pettifog /ˈpɛtɪˌfɒɡ/ verb ••••••	pettifogged ••••••	pettifogged ••••••	pettifogs ••••••	pettifogging ••••••	to argue or quibble over trivial matters; to engage in petty, dishonest practices ••••••	The lawyer was accused of trying to pettifog instead of addressing the real issue. ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	quibble, bicker, nitpick, squabble ••••••	clarify, resolve, simplify ••••••	pettifog over details, pettifog in arguments, petty pettifogging ••••••
#6547 🪨 ••••••	petrograph /ˈpɛtrəˌɡræf/ noun ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	a description or representation of rocks, especially in detailed scientific writing ••••••	The scientist studied the petrograph to understand the rock composition. ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	rock description, geological record, stone chart ••••••	ignorance, blank ••••••	detailed petrograph, study petrograph, petrograph analysis ••••••
#6548 😱 ••••••	petrify /ˈpɛtrɪfaɪ/ verb ••••••	petrified ••••••	petrified ••••••	petrifies ••••••	petrifying ••••••	to make someone so frightened that they are unable to move or think; to turn into stone ••••••	The loud noise petrified the little child. ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	terrify, horrify, stun, paralyze, immobilize ••••••	comfort, reassure ••••••	petrify with fear, absolutely petrified, petrify someone ••••••
#6549 📝 ••••••	petition /pəˈtɪʃən/ noun ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	a formal written request, typically signed by many people, appealing to authority about a cause ••••••	They signed a petition to improve road safety in the area. ••••••	sign a petition ••••••	to officially support a request by adding your signature ••••••	request, appeal, plea, application, demand ••••••	order, command ••••••	sign a petition, file a petition, submit a petition, online petition ••••••
#6550 📉 ••••••	peter /ˈpiːtər/ verb ••••••	petered ••••••	petered ••••••	peters ••••••	petering ••••••	to diminish gradually and come to an end; to fade or dwindle away ••••••	The excitement of the event began to peter out after a few hours. ••••••	peter out ••••••	to gradually decrease and come to an end ••••••	diminish, fade, dwindle, decline, subside ••••••	grow, increase, rise ••••••	peter out, peter away, excitement peter, enthusiasm peter ••••••
#6551 🪨 ••••••	pestle /ˈpɛsəl/ noun ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	A heavy tool with a rounded end used for crushing or grinding substances in a mortar. ••••••	She used a pestle to grind the spices. ••••••	mortar and pestle ••••••	A traditional tool used for grinding and mixing substances. ••••••	grinder, crusher, pounder, masher ••••••	blender, mixer ••••••	mortar and pestle, grind with pestle, use pestle ••••••
#6552 🦠 ••••••	pestilential /ˌpɛstɪˈlɛnʃəl/ adjective ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	Relating to or causing pestilence; very harmful, troublesome, or dangerous. ••••••	The pestilential smell of the garbage filled the street. ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	plague-ridden, harmful, noxious, dangerous, virulent ••••••	safe, healthy, harmless ••••••	pestilential disease, pestilential influence, pestilential odor ••••••
#6553 💀 ••••••	pestilent /ˈpɛstɪlənt/ adjective ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	Causing or tending to cause death or destruction; harmful or pernicious. ••••••	The pestilent atmosphere of the swamp made people sick. ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	harmful, deadly, noxious, poisonous, destructive ••••••	harmless, beneficial, safe ••••••	pestilent disease, pestilent influence, pestilent air ••••••
#6554 ☣️ ••••••	pestilence /ˈpɛstɪləns/ noun ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	A deadly or virulent epidemic disease that spreads rapidly. ••••••	The medieval city was devastated by a pestilence. ••••••	spread like a pestilence ••••••	To spread very quickly and destructively. ••••••	plague, epidemic, contagion, outbreak, disease ••••••	health, wellness ••••••	deadly pestilence, pestilence outbreak, pestilence spread ••••••
#6555 💪 ••••••	pertinacity /ˌpɜːrtɪˈnæsɪti/ noun ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	The quality of being stubbornly persistent or resolute in purpose. ••••••	Her pertinacity in pursuing justice inspired everyone around her. ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	stubbornness, persistence, determination, tenacity, resolve ••••••	indecision, hesitation, weakness ••••••	remarkable pertinacity, show pertinacity, display pertinacity, pertinacity of purpose ••••••
#6556 ☁️ ••••••	pessimism /ˈpesɪˌmɪzəm/ noun ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	A tendency to see the worst aspect of things or believe the worst will happen. ••••••	Her constant pessimism made it hard to stay optimistic. ••••••	glass half empty ••••••	A metaphor for a pessimistic outlook. ••••••	gloom, negativity, hopelessness, cynicism ••••••	optimism, hopefulness, positivity ••••••	constant pessimism, sense of pessimism, pessimism about future ••••••
#6557 💧 ••••••	pervious /ˈpɜːrviəs/ adjective ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	Allowing water, air, or other substances to pass through; permeable. ••••••	The soil here is pervious to rainwater. ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	permeable, porous, penetrable, absorbent ••••••	impervious, impermeable, resistant ••••••	pervious soil, pervious surface, pervious rock ••••••
#6558 🚫 ••••••	pervert /pərˈvɜːrt/ verb/noun ••••••	perverted ••••••	perverted ••••••	perverts ••••••	perverting ••••••	As a verb: to distort the meaning or purpose of something; as a noun: a person with abnormal or immoral sexual behavior. ••••••	He tried to pervert the truth to escape punishment. ••••••	pervert the course of justice ••••••	To interfere with legal processes unfairly or unlawfully. ••••••	distort, corrupt, mislead, deviant, degenerate ••••••	purify, clarify, uphold ••••••	pervert the truth, sexual pervert, moral pervert, pervert justice ••••••
#6559 🙃 ••••••	perversity /pərˈvɜːrsəti/ noun ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	A deliberate and obstinate desire to behave in an unreasonable or unacceptable way. ••••••	Out of sheer perversity, he refused to follow the simple instructions. ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	obstinacy, stubbornness, contrariness, willfulness ••••••	obedience, compliance, agreement ••••••	sheer perversity, human perversity, perversity of fate ••••••
#6560 ⚠️ ••••••	perversion /pərˈvɜːrʒən/ noun ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	The act of distorting or corrupting the original meaning, purpose, or state of something. ••••••	The regime’s censorship was seen as a perversion of free speech. ••••••	perversion of justice ••••••	A miscarriage or corruption of justice where fairness is undermined. ••••••	distortion, corruption, debasement, misrepresentation, depravity ••••••	purity, integrity, fairness ••••••	perversion of justice, moral perversion, sexual perversion, perversion of truth ••••••
#6561 😈 ••••••	perverse /pərˈvɜːrs/ adjective ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	showing a deliberate desire to behave in a way that is unreasonable, contrary, or unacceptable ••••••	He took a perverse pleasure in upsetting his colleagues. ••••••	perverse pleasure ••••••	a strange satisfaction in doing something wrong or harmful ••••••	contrary, obstinate, stubborn, unreasonable, willful ••••••	agreeable, cooperative, compliant ••••••	perverse behavior, perverse decision, perverse pleasure, perverse sense ••••••
#6562 🌍 ••••••	pervasive /pərˈveɪsɪv/ adjective ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	spreading widely throughout an area or a group of people ••••••	The pervasive influence of technology is seen in every aspect of life. ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	widespread, prevalent, extensive, universal, omnipresent ••••••	limited, narrow, rare ••••••	pervasive influence, pervasive effect, pervasive culture, pervasive problem ••••••
#6563 🌐 ••••••	pervasion /pəˈveɪʒən/ noun ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	the act of spreading through or being present everywhere in something ••••••	There was a pervasion of hope throughout the community. ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	spread, diffusion, permeation, infiltration ••••••	absence, emptiness ••••••	pervasion of fear, pervasion of hope, pervasion of influence, pervasion of culture ••••••
#6564 🌸 ••••••	pervade /pəˈveɪd/ verb ••••••	pervaded ••••••	pervaded ••••••	pervades ••••••	pervading ••••••	to spread through and be present in every part of something ••••••	The smell of fresh flowers pervaded the entire room. ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	penetrate, permeate, infuse, fill, saturate ••••••	withdraw, vanish ••••••	pervade the air, pervade the atmosphere, pervade the mind, pervade the culture ••••••
#6565 📖 ••••••	peruse /pəˈruːz/ verb ••••••	perused ••••••	perused ••••••	peruses ••••••	perusing ••••••	to read something carefully and thoroughly; sometimes used to mean to browse casually ••••••	She sat down to peruse the contract before signing it. ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	read, examine, study, inspect, browse ••••••	ignore, neglect ••••••	peruse a book, peruse the document, peruse the contract, peruse the menu ••••••
#6566 📖 ••••••	perusal /pəˈruːzl/ noun ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	The action of reading or examining something carefully. ••••••	The contract was given to the lawyer for perusal. ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	reading, examination, inspection, review, scrutiny ••••••	neglect, ignorance ••••••	careful perusal, for perusal, detailed perusal, documents for perusal ••••••
#6567 🌪️ ••••••	perturbation /ˌpɜːrtərˈbeɪʃn/ noun ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	A state of anxiety, disturbance, or disorder. ••••••	The announcement caused a perturbation in the financial markets. ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	disturbance, unrest, anxiety, disorder, agitation ••••••	calm, tranquility, stability ••••••	slight perturbation, social perturbation, economic perturbation, cause perturbation ••••••
#6568 😟 ••••••	perturb /pərˈtɜːrb/ verb ••••••	perturbed ••••••	perturbed ••••••	perturbs ••••••	perturbing ••••••	To disturb or unsettle greatly in mind. ••••••	The sudden noise perturbed the students during the exam. ••••••	perturb the balance ••••••	to upset stability or harmony ••••••	disturb, unsettle, agitate, upset, worry ••••••	calm, soothe, reassure ••••••	greatly perturbed, visibly perturbed, perturb the mind, perturb the balance ••••••
#6569 📌 ••••••	pertinent /ˈpɜːrtɪnənt/ adjective ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	Relevant or applicable to a particular matter. ••••••	She asked a pertinent question during the meeting. ••••••	- ••••••	- ••••••	relevant, appropriate, suitable, applicable, related ••••••	irrelevant, unrelated, inappropriate ••••••	pertinent question, pertinent information, pertinent detail, highly pertinent ••••••

Lesson 219 - The Ultimate Vocabulary Course for Competitive Exams: GRE, GMAT, TOEFL, IELTS & More

The Ultimate Vocabulary Course for Competitive Exams: GRE, GMAT, TOEFL, IELTS & More

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